Asalin Ilimin Fasahar sarrafa Dutse da Nika

Nika hanya ce ta yankan workpiece akan injin niƙa tare da dabaran niƙa azaman kayan aikin yankewa.
asali-sabon-01
Siffofin wannan hanya sune kamar haka:
1. Saboda tsayin daka da juriya na zafi na abrasives dabaran niƙa, niƙa na iya sarrafa kayan tare da babban taurin, kamar ƙarfe mai tauri, siminti carbide, da dai sauransu.
2. The halaye na nika dabaran da nika inji ƙayyade cewa nika tsari tsarin za a iya amfani da uniform micro-yanke, kullum ap = 0.001 ~ 0.005mm;gudun nika yana da girma sosai, gabaɗaya har zuwa v=30~50m/s;injin niƙa yana da ƙima mai kyau;da na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa watsa da ake amfani, don haka da nika iya samun high aiki daidaito (IT6 ~ IT5) da kuma kananan surface roughness (Ra = 0.8 ~ 0.2um).Nika na ɗaya daga cikin manyan hanyoyin sarrafa sassa.
3. Zazzabi a cikin yankin niƙa yana da girma sosai saboda tsananin gogayya.Wannan zai haifar da danniya da nakasawa na workpiece, har ma da haifar da konewar surface na workpiece.Don haka, dole ne a yi allura mai yawa na sanyaya cikin aikin niƙa don rage zafin niƙa.Coolant kuma yana aiki azaman cire guntu da mai
4. Ƙarfin radial a lokacin niƙa yana da girma sosai.Wannan zai haifar da sassaucin ra'ayi na na'ura kayan aiki-nika dabaran-workpiece tsarin, sabõda haka, ainihin zurfin yanke ne kasa da maras muhimmanci zurfin.Don haka, lokacin da ake gab da kammala aikin niƙa, bai kamata a kashe abin yanka ba don kawar da kurakurai.
5. Bayan nika mai laushi ya bushe, ƙarfin niƙa kuma yana ƙaruwa, wanda ke haifar da ɓarnawar ɓarna ko faɗuwa kuma ya sake bayyana gefen kaifi.Wannan sifa ta zama "kaifi kai".Tsaftace kai yana sanya aikin niƙa kullum a cikin wani ɗan lokaci, amma bayan wani lokacin aiki, ya kamata a gyara shi da hannu don guje wa rawar jiki, hayaniya da lalacewa ga ingancin kayan aikin da ke haifar da haɓakar ƙarfin nika.

Dabarar niƙa
Dabaran niƙa kayan aiki ne na yankan niƙa.Ya ƙunshi ɗimbin ƙanana da ƙaƙƙarfan abrasives da ɗaure, waɗanda aka yi da abubuwa marasa yawa.Barbashi masu ɓarna kai tsaye suna ɗaukar aikin yanke, dole ne su kasance masu kaifi kuma suna da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, juriya na zafi da wani matakin tauri.Abubuwan da aka saba amfani da su sune alumina (kuma aka sani da corundum) da silicon carbide.

asali-sabon-3

Alumina

Alumina Abrasives suna da tauri mai girma, tauri mai kyau kuma sun dace da niƙa karfe.Silicon carbide abrasives suna da taurin mafi girma, mafi kaifi kuma mafi kyawun halayen thermal, amma suna da ƙarfi kuma sun dace da niƙa simintin ƙarfe da siminti carbide.

Dabarun niƙa iri ɗaya, saboda kauri daban-daban, ƙarancin saman da ingancin sarrafa kayan aikin bayan sarrafawa sun bambanta.Ana amfani da abrasive mai kauri don niƙa mai laushi.Mafi kyawun abin da ke lalata shi ne, mafi girman abin da ke lalata shi ne, ƙarami girman barbashi shine.
Binders suna aiki azaman abrasives masu haɗawa.

Ana amfani da daurin yumbu da yawa, sannan kuma dauren guduro.Zaɓin ɗaure daban-daban yana rinjayar juriya na lalata, ƙarfi, juriyar zafi da taurin ƙafar niƙa.
Mafi tsananin ƙyalli na abrasive, da wuyar faɗuwa daga dabaran niƙa.Wato taurin injin niƙa yana nufin matakin da barbashi da ke saman injin niƙa ke faɗuwa a ƙarƙashin aikin sojojin waje.Sauƙin faɗuwa ana kiransa taushi, kuma akasin haka ana kiransa da wuya.

asali-sabon-4
asali-sabon-5

Taurin dabaran niƙa da abrasive abubuwa ne daban-daban guda biyu.Fuskar kayan aikin da aka niƙa yana da laushi, kuma gefen (gefen) na ɓangarorin da ba su da sauƙi don sawa ba su da sauƙi, don haka za'a iya amfani da ƙwayoyin abrasive na tsawon lokaci, wato, dabaran niƙa tare da haɗin gwiwa mai ƙarfi ( da nika dabaran da mafi girma taurin) za a iya zaba.Akasin haka, dabaran niƙa tare da ƙarancin ƙarfi ya dace don niƙa aikin aiki tare da tauri mai girma.

Domin tabbatar da tsaro, yakamata a duba ƙafafun niƙa kafin shigarwa, kuma kada a sami tsagewa da sauran lahani.Domin sa ƙafafun niƙa suyi aiki lafiya, yakamata a yi gwajin ma'auni mai ƙarfi kafin amfani.
Lokacin da dabaran niƙa ta yi aiki na ɗan lokaci, za a toshe ɓoyayyun saman da tarkace, kusurwa mai kaifi na abrasive zai zama mara kyau, kuma ainihin siffar geometric za ta lalace.Sabili da haka, wajibi ne don datsa don mayar da ikon yankewa da daidaitaccen lissafi.Ana buƙatar gyara dabaran niƙa da alƙalamin lu'u-lu'u.
asali-sabon-2

Tsari da Nika Motsi na Injin Niƙa Sama
Akwai nau'ikan grinders da yawa, irin su grinder na ƙasa, cylindrical grinder, grinder na ciki, na'urar cylindrical na duniya (kuma tana iya niƙa ramukan ciki), injin injin girki, na'urar zare, mai jagorar dogo, grinder mara ƙima (nika waje da'irar) da injin kayan aiki. kayan aikin niƙa).Ana gabatar da injin niƙa da motsinsa anan.

asali-sabon-6

1. The tsarin na surface grinder (daukar M7120A a matsayin misali: M-niƙa irin inji kayan aiki; 71-a kwance axis lokacin tebur irin surface grinder; 20-aiki tebur nisa 200 mm; A-na farko manyan ci gaba).
(1) Rack ɗin niƙa - Shigar da dabaran niƙa kuma ku fitar da dabaran don juyawa cikin sauri.Takardun dabaran niƙa na iya motsawa tare da titin jagorar dovetail na wurin zama mai zamewa da hannu ko ta hanyar ruwa a cikin share fage.
(2) Wurin zama na slide - shigar da rakiyar dabaran niƙa da tuƙi don motsawa sama da ƙasa tare da titin jagorar shafi.
(3) Column - goyon bayan wurin zama mai zamiya da firam ɗin niƙa.
(4) Workbench - Shigar da kayan aiki da motsi mai jujjuyawar layin da ke gudana ta hanyar tsarin hydraulic.
(5) Bed - goyon bayan worktable da installing wasu sassa.
(6) Tsarin sanyi - samar da mai sanyaya (saponified man) zuwa yankin niƙa.
(7) Na'ura mai watsawa ta ruwa, wanda ya ƙunshi:
1) Abubuwan wutan lantarki - famfo mai, tsarin watsawa na hydraulic matsin lamba mai wadata;
2) Actuator - Silinda, tuki motsi na worktable da sauran aka gyara;
3) Abubuwan sarrafawa - don kowane nau'in bawuloli, matsa lamba mai sarrafawa, saurin gudu, shugabanci, da sauransu.
4) Abubuwan taimako, kamar tankin mai, ma'aunin matsa lamba, da sauransu.
Idan aka kwatanta da inji watsa, na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa watsa yana da abũbuwan amfãni daga m watsa, obalodi kariya da stepless gudun tsari a cikin fadi da kewayon.
2. Jirgin niƙa motsi
(1) Babban motsi - motsi mai jujjuyawa mai sauri na dabaran niƙa.
(2) Motsin ciyarwa
1) ciyarwar dogon lokaci - tebur ɗin aiki yana motsa motsin linzamin linzamin na kayan aikin;
2) Abinci a tsaye - motsi na niƙa dabaran zuwa zurfin workpiece;
3) Motsi mai jujjuyawar ciyarwa na niƙa tare da axis.


Lokacin aikawa: Mayu-23-2019

JaridaKasance da mu don Sabuntawa

Aika
WhatsApp Online Chat!