Imabula yemvelo isetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakhiweni kwesimanje ngenxa yobuhle bayo, ukunethezeka, ukumelana nokugqoka kanye nokumelana nokugqwala.Kuyinkinga engokoqobo kanye nethiyori ekuphathweni kwekhwalithi yobunjiniyela ukunaka izimbangela zezinkinga zekhwalithi evamile yemabula yemvelo, ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi yayo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokwakha.
Ukukhubazeka kwekhwalithi evamile kanye nezimbangela zobuchwepheshe bokwakha ukufakwa kwamatshe e-Dali
1.1 umgodi wodonga lwemabula
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, imabula iqukethe i-CaCO3 nezinhlobo eziningi zezinto ezimbiwa phansi nokunye ukungcola.Umoya wesikhathi eside, isithwathwa, imvula, iqhwa nelanga kuzobangela ukushintsha kombala nokufiphala kwayo.
Lapho i-CaCO3 emabula ihlangana nama-acids emoyeni, ukusabela kwamakhemikhali kwenzeka, okwenza i-gypsum encibilika emanzini, eyenza indawo yayo ibe buthuntu futhi ibe mahholo, okuholela ekuqhekekeni nokuwa.
1.2 inhlanganisela yepuleti ayiqondile, futhi ukuthungwa kwendawo yepuleti akubushelelezi
Izizathu eziyinhloko ukwelashwa okungalungile kwesisekelo noma i-matrix, i-concave yendawo kanye ne-convex surface;amapuleti aqediwe awakhethiwe ngokuqinile, anemiklamo ehlukene nemibala, ukucaciswa okungalungile, ukuqhekeka, ukungcola nokulimala;akukho nombolo yomhlangano wesilingo ngaphambi kokufakwa nokwakhiwa;ukuphakama okuphezulu kwe-grouting;ukulandelana kokwakhiwa okungalungile, njll.
1.3 ukuqhekeka kwe-veneer yemabula
Isizathu esiyinhloko siwukuthi uma ibhodi lemabula lifakwe odongeni olungaphandle noma eduze nendawo emanzi njengekhishi nendlu yangasese, ukufakwa kulukhuni, ukukhishwa kwe-grouting yebhodi akuqinile, igesi egugulekayo nemanzi ingena ngaphakathi. ukuhlanganiswa kwebhodi, okwenza isixhumi sensimbi sigxume futhi sandise, futhi ibhodi lemabula liqhekeka ngaphansi kwe-deformation thrust;
Lapho umbala okusanhlamvu okuhlangene okumnyama noma ezinye iziphambeko ezifihliwe ze-marble slab, ngenxa yokuhlushwa kokucindezeleka okubangelwa ukuhlaliswa kwesakhiwo, ingxenye ebuthakathaka yetshe iqhekekile;lapho ubuso bunamathiselwe ngokuqondile, izikhala ezingenhla neziphansi zincane, isakhiwo sicindezelwe futhi sikhubazekile, futhi ipuleti liqhekeka ukucindezela okuqondile.
1.4 Ukungcoliswa komonakalo we-marble veneer
Izizathu eziyinhloko yizinkinga zokuphathwa kwesayithi, ukusebenza okungalungile ohlelweni lokuthutha amapuleti, ukugcinwa kanye ne-ex warehouse, njll;udaka olusele aluzange lukhishwe ngokushesha phakathi nenqubo yokwakha;umsebenzi wokuvikela indawo yokwakha awenziwanga kahle ngemva kokufakwa.
2 ukulungiselela ukwakhiwa nokufakwa kwezinto zemvelo zemabula
2.1 ukulungiselela ukukhweza
Okokuqala, hlola ukuphambuka kwangempela kwesakhiwo ngokusho kwemidwebo yokuklama, hlola ukuhleleka okuqondile kodonga lwesisekelo, kanye ne-chisel noma ulungise izingxenye ngokuphambuka okukhulu;okwesibili, linganisa ukuphakama kwangempela komugqa wesikhungo sekholomu, kanye nomugqa ovundlile phakathi kwezingxenye ezingaphezulu neziphansi zekholomu, futhi unqume ukucaciswa nobukhulu be-block veneer;
Ohlangothini olulodwa lwesitezi se-wainscot kanye nesimo esiyinkimbinkimbi, uhlangothi luzoqina kuqala, futhi uma kunesidingo, ezinye izinto ezisetshenziswayo zizosetshenziselwa ukuhlola usayizi ogcwele wemininingwane.Ekugcineni, ngokwesilinganiso sangempela sokucaciswa nobukhulu bekholomu yodonga, ububanzi bokuhlanganiswa phakathi kwamapaneli okuhlobisa kubalwa, futhi ukuhlelwa kwepuleti kubalwa.Ngokusho kwenombolo yokulandelana kokufakwa, umdwebo wemininingwane ye-block kanye ne-node uyadwetshwa, osetshenziswa njengesisekelo sokucubungula noku-oda.
2.2 Ukwelashwa kwendawo yokufaka nokubeka nokubeka izinga
Okokuqala nje, isisekelo sokwakha noma inkambo eyisisekelo izoba nokuzinza nokuqina okwanele ukwenza indawo engaphezulu ibe isicaba kodwa ibe mahhadlahhadla.Indawo ebushelelezi kufanele yenziwe lukhuni kuqala, ibe nokujula okungu-5-15mm kanye nesikhala esingu-> 15mm.Isisekelo noma indawo eyisisekelo izoba nezinsalela ezifana nodaka, uthuli namabala kawoyela, azogaywa ngocingo lwensimbi bese ewashwa ngamanzi ahlanzekile.Uma ikholomu ihunyushwe ngemabula, umugqa omaphakathi nomugqa ovundlile wekholomu uzomakwa ngokobukhulu be-eksisi yesakhiwo njengedatha yokuleveling.
2.3 Ukuhlolwa kwamatshe kanye nezinombolo
Ngemuva kokuvulwa kwephakheji lamatshe, khetha ngokuqinile amapuleti anombala ofanayo kanye nokucaciswa ngaphandle kwemiphetho elahlekile namakhona;bese uqhuba umhlangano wecala ngokuhambisana nosayizi wokuklama, umboze isikwele bese ugaya imiphetho, hlola ukuthi flatness, ulinganise i-perpendicularity yamaphethelo namakhona, wenze usayizi uhlangabezane nezidingo zokuklama, lawula usayizi wangempela ngemva kokufakwa, futhi uqinisekise ububanzi obufanayo nobude;ukushintshwa kombala kufanele kube ngokwemvelo, futhi umbala wodonga olufanayo noma i-facade kufanele ube umfaniswano.
Uma ufanisa amaphethini, zama ukwenza phezulu, okuphansi, kwesobunxele nakwesokudla kubushelelezi futhi kuvumelana, ukuthungwa kungokwemvelo, futhi iphethini efanayo kufanele ibe yi-symmetrical, ukuze ihlanganiswe;uma ngaphambi kokumatanisa izinombolo, izingxenye ezifakwayo kufanele zikhethwe ngokuqinile, futhi amapuleti anokwakheka okuhle nombala kufanele asetshenziselwe izingxenye zesikhala esikhulu.
3 ukuthuthukiswa kokwakhiwa kwetshe lemabula lemvelo
Ubuchwepheshe bokugandaya bendabuko betshe lemvelo le-Dali wukulenga ngaphambili ucingo oluholayo lwensimbi esisekelweni bese uthela udaka.Le nqubo iyadina, iyinkimbinkimbi futhi iyabiza.Kubunjiniyela, kuvame ukubangela izinkinga zekhwalithi njengokunamathela okubi kanye nendawo engalingani ngenxa yokulawula okungalungile.
Ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe ubuchwepheshe obusha bokwakha obusekelwe ekumunceni ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe bangaphandle kanye nezinzuzo zobuchwepheshe bendabuko.Indlela yokulungiselela ukwakhiwa kwale nqubo ngokuyisisekelo iyafana naleyo yenqubo yendabuko.Amanye amaphuzu ezobuchwepheshe ami kanje:
3.1 Ukwelashwa kwe-substrate
Okokuqala, manzisa i-substrate ehlanziwe ngamanzi, ganda futhi usimende ngosimende 1:1, sebenzisa isihlabathi esimahhadla noma isihlabathi esimaphakathi, bese uxubha ingemuva letshe ngamanzi ukuze uthuthukise amandla okubopha;
3.2 ukubhoboza amapuleti
Sebenzisa i-drill kagesi ukuze ubhoboze imigodi engu-1/4 ubude ukusuka emaphethelweni womabili wepuleti, imbobo ijule ngo-35-40mm kanye nobubanzi bembobo obungu-6mm.Uma ububanzi bepuleti ≤ 500mm, inani lemigodi ngu-2;lapho ububanzi bepuleti bu> 500mm, inani lemigodi ngu-3;
Lapho ububanzi bepuleti bungaphezu kuka-800mm, inani lezimbobo li-4. Bese ubhoboza imbobo eqondile ezinhlangothini zombili zepuleti, indawo yembobo ingu-100mm kusukela ekugcineni okuphansi kwepuleti, ububanzi bembobo bungu-6mm, ukujula komgodi. ingu-35 ~ 40mm, ubude nobubanzi bezimbobo eziqondile ezingenhla neziphansi kufanele kungabi ngaphansi kuka-70cm no-30cm ngokulandelana, futhi ibanga elisuka onqenqemeni lwepuleti akufanele libe ngaphansi kuka-100cm, futhi ifomu loku slot kanye nendawo yendiza kuboniswa Umfanekiso 1.

Ukuze wenze ukhonkolo omusha nomdala uhlangane eduze, i-interface efakiwe iyasikwa futhi ihlanzwe, futhi ukhonkolo we-fiber nomhlabathi kungathuthukiswa ngebanga elilodwa, okungukuthi, i-C35 super fine sand steel fiber concrete isetshenziswa.
3.3 ngokusebenzisa imifantu
Iningi lale mifantu imifantu yokucindezeleka kwesakhiwo.Ngaphambi kokulungisa, kuyadingeka ukunquma ukuthi i-subgrade ne-base course izinzile yini.Kuphela lapho isisekelo sifinyelela ukuzinza okwanele singalungiswa.
Indlela yokufaka i-slot ngokuvamile isebenzisa i-slotting noma ukulungiswa kwebhodi lonke.Ngemuva kokuhlolwa okuphindaphindiwe, i-alloy chisel isetshenziselwa ukusika i-groove ngemuva ngokujula kuka-6-8mm ukufaka izipikili ezimise u-U.
3.3 ukubhola kwe-matrix
Ngemuva kokubhoboza, amapuleti azobekwa endaweni yesikhashana ngokuya ngokubeka nokuvimba indawo ye-substrate.Endaweni ehambisanayo ye-matrix enezimbobo eziqondile ezingaphezulu neziphansi zepuleti, sebenzisa i-drill kagesi enomthelela ukuze ubhoboze izimbobo ezithambekile ezinenombolo efanayo yezimbobo njengepuleti, ukuthambekela kwembobo kungu-45 °, ububanzi bembobo bungu-6mm, futhi ukujula komgodi kungu-40-50mm.
3.4 ukufakwa nokulungiswa kwamapuleti
3.4.1 ngokuya ngembobo yebanga phakathi kwepuleti ne-substrate, sebenzisa izimpintshi zocingo ukuze ubeke kuqala insimbi engagqwali ∪ izinzipho ezinobubanzi obungu-5mm, isiphetho esisodwa embotsheni eqondile yepuleti, futhi uzijike ngokhuni oluqinile;enye ingxenye ibekwe embotsheni etshekile ye-substrate, indawo yepuleti iqonde phezulu, ibe flat kanye nokuvuleka okungaphezulu naphansi kwepuleti, futhi ilungise ukuthi ilunga elinepuleti eliseduze liqinile yini, bese kubhida insimbi engagqwali ∪ izinzipho.Bese usebenzisa i-wedge enkulu yokhuni lwekhanda ukuze ubophe phakathi kwepuleti nesisekelo, bese ubophela i-U-nail.
3.4.2 lungisa ukuma kwepuleti ngokunembile, lilungise isikhashana kuqala, bese ugxumeka ngezingqimba, ngaphandle kokuthintwa ngaphambi kokuba udaka lusethwe.
4 ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi yezinkinga ezijwayelekile zekhwalithi ekwakhiweni kwemabula yemvelo
4.1 Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi yokugenca nokuwa kwetshe lemabula elibheke
Bamba ngokucophelela ingxenye ecindezelayo ephezulu yemabula ebheke ngaphandle ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi inkambo ephansi ayingeni emanzini, ikakhulukazi ilunga eliphambanayo.Emklamo, ikhava yemvula izokwengezwa engxenyeni engenhla ngangokunokwenzeka ukuvimbela ukuchayeka okuqondile emvuleni naselanga, futhi kufinyeze impilo yesevisi;izinto zamatshe ezisetshenziselwa ukubhekana nangaphandle zizoba amabhodi anekhwalithi ehlanzekile, ukungcola okuncane, isimo sezulu esincane kanye nokumelana nokugqwala.
4.2 Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi yelunga elingalingani kanye nokuthungwa okungasheleli kwebhodi
Yenza imithetho yokunqamula imigqa esigcawini, futhi uyihlukanise ibe yizindawo zokugcina izimpahla namagridi, veza umugqa omaphakathi nomugqa ovundlile endaweni enkulu, bese uveza umugqa odongeni wemabula;hlola ukuqina kwenkambo yesisekelo ngaphambi kokufakwa, i-chisel noma ulungise ukuphambuka okukhulu, ukuze ibanga phakathi kwe-base course surface kanye ne-plate surface lingabi ngaphansi kwama-50 mm, futhi uyihlanze, uyinisele kahle;khetha ipuleti elinamachopho angekho, amakhona, imifantu kanye nokungcoliswa kwendawo nokushintsha umbala kusenesikhathi, bese Wenza ukuhlola okusesidlekeni.
Amapuleti ane-dimensional deviation azopholishwa futhi alungiswe;umhlangano wesilingo uzokwenziwa ngokuya ngomugqa wokuqhafaza kanye nebanga lokulinganisa lodonga, umbala uzolungiswa kahle futhi iphethini kufanele ilungiswe ukuze ukwakheka okungaphezulu nangaphansi kwesobunxele nakwesokudla phakathi kwamapuleti kube bushelelezi futhi umbala uhlanganiswe. ;indlela yokunamathisela izokwamukelwa kumapuleti anosayizi omncane, futhi inqubo yokufaka eqinile izokwamukelwa lapho ukuphakama kwamapuleti amakhulu noma ama-inlay adlula i-1m;ngemva kokuba i-gypsum slurry iqinisiwe, i-1: 2.5 i-cement mortar izosetshenziselwa i-grouting egqinsiwe, futhi i-grouting ngayinye izokwenziwa Ukuphakama akufanele kube phezulu kakhulu.Uma kungenjalo, kulula ukwenza ibhodi linwebe futhi liphume, lithinte ukuhleleka kokubheke
4.3 Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi yokuqhekeka kodonga lwemabula
Igebe ekuhlanganyeleni kwepuleti akufanele libe likhulu kuno-0.5 ~ 1mm, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukugoqa okuqinile, ukugqwala okugcwele futhi akunasici njengokuqhekeka, ukulahleka konqenqema kanye nokuwa kwekhona, ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuhlasela kwegesi egqwalayo kanye umoya omswakama kanye nokugqwala kwezingxenye zensimbi ezishumekiwe, ezingase zidale ukuqhekeka kwepuleti;
Lapho kufakwa i-veneer yemabula ebusweni bezingxenye ezithwala imithwalo njengekholomu yodonga, izokwenziwa ngemuva kokuthi ukulungiswa kwesakhiwo kuzinzile.Lapho ufaka i-marble veneer phezulu nangaphansi, igebe elithile lizoshiywa ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuthi i-veneer ingachotshozwa futhi iqhekeke ngenxa yokuthwala okuqondile kokucindezelwa kwesakhiwo.
4.4 Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi yokushayisana kokungcoliswa kwetshe elibheke emabula
Kukhona igebe elithile nekhono lokudaya phakathi kwezinhlayiya zemabula e-Dali, ezizongena futhi zimunce uma kwenzeka kuba noketshezi olunemibala, futhi indawo yemabula ngeke isuswe kalula ngemva kokungcoliswa.
Ngakho-ke, ekuthuthweni nasekugcinweni, i-marble veneer elula akufanele iboshwe ngentambo yotshani nomthunzi wotshani.Enqubweni yokuvikela umkhiqizo oqediwe, akufanelekile ukunamathisela ukupakishwa okunemibala ukuze kuvikelwe umkhiqizo osuphelile, ukuze kuvinjwe umkhiqizo ukuthi ungangcoliswa uketshezi olunemibala ngemva kokuthelwa ngamanzi.
Ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa kwe-grouting, amalunga azoqondana futhi aqine, futhi amalunga azogcwaliswa ngosilika we-hemp noma agcwaliswe ngomlotha wommese we-hemp ukuvimbela ukuvuza kodaka emajoyini ukuthi kungangcolisi;imabula ithambile, ngakho-ke izovikelwa ngokucophelela ngesikhathi sokupakishwa nokuphathwa.
Uma i-veneer yemabula ithuthwa iqonde phezulu, ikhona elingaphambili noma ikhona elilodwa akumele libekwe phansi kuqala, ukuze kuvinjwe umonakalo wekhona elingaphambili ukuthi ungathinti ukuqina kwelunga.Amapuleti anosayizi omkhulu akufanele ahanjiswe avundlile, ngaphandle kwalokho, umonakalo ofihliwe noma ukuphuka kwelunga elifihliwe kanye nengxenye phakathi kombala ohlangene kuzothuthukiswa ngenxa yokwanda komzuzu wokugoba okubangelwa isisindo soqobo setshe;
Ngemuva kokufakwa kwe-marble, ukuvikelwa kwendawo yokwakha kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela.Amakhona angaphakathi eminyango yamakholomu, amafasitela namafasitela kufanele aboshwe ngokuqinile ngamapuleti ezinkuni, futhi izindonga kufanele zimbozwe ngefilimu yepulasitiki yamapuleti ezinkuni.Lapho izinyathelo zezitebhisi zifakiwe, kufanele zivikelwe ngamapuleti ezinkuni esinyathelweni ngasinye