Inventory of Western stone materials that use stone as one of the oldest building materials in the world, known for their strength and durability. In ancient times, it was chosen by architects as a building material due to its durability and large quantity.

The following architectural examples more or less demonstrate the deformability of stone, which can be constructed in its original form or polished to achieve a smoother visual effect.
Casa Mil à (1913)
Location: Barcelona, Spain
Design: Famous Architecture of Antoni Gaudi

Mira House is one of the representative works of Catalan modernist architect Antoni Gaudi, located on Passeig de Gr à cia in the Eiample expansion area of Barcelona city center. The wavy exterior of Mira House is composed of white stone walls, twisted and coiled iron bars and plates forming balcony railings, and wide windows.

Church of San Giovanni Battista (1996)

Location: Ticino, Switzerland Design: Mario Bota

The white marble and dark gneiss bring a new sense of space and solemnity to this small church, cleverly integrating the light and shadow of nature into the architecture.

Pont du Gard (60 CE)

Location: Nimes, France

The world’s tallest Roman Gal Bridge was used to bring fresh spring water to the region, with impeccable stone cutting accuracy and no mortar used to keep it upright during construction.

KAFD Grand Mosque, King Abdullah Financial District (2017)

Location: Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Design: Omrania and Associates

Nevsehir Bus Terminal (2010)

Location: Nevshir, Türkiye Design: Bahadir Kul Architects

The texture, indentation, natural filling and gaps of natural stone, and the absence of fixed forms of shelter, the original intention of this building was to adopt the rich and mysterious terrain of Cappadoccia.

Sancaklar Mosque (2012)

Location: Grand Chek Major, Türkiye Design: Emre Arolat Architects

City of Culture of Galicia (2011)

Location: Santiago de Compostela, Spain Design: Eisenman Architects

Church of Saint George (1200s)

Location: Lalibela, Ethiopia

This is the last rock drilling church of King Kal Lalibela, cut from volcanic tuff on Earth in the 13th century. The windows, floors, ceilings, and walls are all hand carved.

Uchimura Kanzo Memorial Stone Church (1988)

Location: Karuizawa, Nagano, Japan Design: Kendrick Bangs Kellogg

Architecture is born in harmony with the surrounding natural environment. The structure of the church is unique, with multiple stone arches and rows of windows, providing ample natural light to the stone building.

Sheikh Zayed Grand Mosque (2007)

Location: Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates Design: Yusef Abdelki

The Sheikh Zayed Mosque is the largest mosque in the United Arab Emirates. The pure and bright white marble exterior of the building contrasts sharply with the warm gray white marble interior, which features the world’s largest textured bricks. This pattern is not painted, but embedded in the desired shape by cutting natural stone materials. It is said that the inner and outer walls of the whole building complex are wrapped with White Marble from Greece and Macedonia.

Casa do Penedo (1974)

Location: Fafi, Portugal

It is named because it is built from four large stones, which are the foundation, walls, and ceiling of the house.

Jumex Museum (2013)

Location: Mexico City, Mexico Design: David Chipperfield Architects