I ka mahina i hala aku nei, ua hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻo Kina a me Iran i kahi kuʻikahi koʻikoʻi 25 mau makahiki, me ka hui pū ʻana o ka ʻoihana.

Aia ʻo Iran ma ka puʻuwai o ʻAsia Komohana, e pili ana i ke Kaiwa Persian ma ka Hema a me ke Kai Caspian ma ka ʻākau.ʻO kona kūlana koʻikoʻi geo, nā waiwai aila a me ke kinoea waiwai a me ka mōʻaukala, ka hoʻomana a me ka moʻomeheu hoʻoilina e hoʻoholo i kona kūlana mana koʻikoʻi ma ka Hikina Waena a me ka ʻāina ʻo Gulf.
He ʻehā kau ʻokoʻa ʻo Iran.ʻOi aku ka maʻalili o ka ʻākau i ke kauwela a ʻoi aku ke anuanu i ka hoʻoilo;He wela ka hema i ke kauwela a me ka hoʻoilo.ʻO ka wela kiʻekiʻe loa ma Teheran i Iulai, a ʻo ka awelika haʻahaʻa a me ka wela kiʻekiʻe he 22 ℃ a me 37 ℃;ʻO ka mahana wela haʻahaʻa ma Ianuali, a ʻo ka awelika haʻahaʻa a me ka wela kiʻekiʻe he 3 ℃ a me 7 ℃.

Wahi a ka ʻimi hoʻonaʻauao honua a me ka hui hoʻomohala ʻana o Iran, i kēia manawa, ua hōʻoia ʻo Iran i nā ʻano minerala he 68, me ka mālama ʻia ʻana o 37 biliona tons, ʻo ia ka 7% o ka nui o ka mālama ʻana o ka honua, ka 15th ma ka honua, a loaʻa iā ia ka mineral. ʻoi aku ma mua o 57 biliona tons.Ma waena o nā minelala i hōʻoia ʻia, ʻo ka zinc ore mālama ʻia he 230 miliona tons, ka pae mua ma ka honua;He 2.6 biliona tons ka nui o ka ʻai keleawe, ʻo ia ka 4% o ka nui o ka mālama ʻana o ka honua, ʻo ke kolu o ka honua;ʻO ka hao hao he 4.7 biliona tons, ka 10th ma ka honua.ʻO nā huahana mineral nui ʻē aʻe i hōʻoia ʻia: Limestone (7.2 biliona tons), pōhaku hoʻonaninani (3 billion tons), pōhaku kūkulu hale (3.8 billion tons), feldspar (1 miliona tons), a me ka perlite (17.5 miliona tons).Ma waena o lākou, ʻo ke keleawe, ka zinc a me ka chromite nā mea waiwai a pau me ka waiwai mining kiʻekiʻe, me nā māka kiʻekiʻe e like me 8%, 12% a me 45%.Eia kekahi, ua loaʻa iā Iran kekahi mau minerale e like me ke gula, cobalt, strontium, molybdenum, boron, kaolin, mottle, fluorine, dolomite, mica, diatomite a me barite.
E like me ka hoʻolālā hoʻomohala ʻelima a me ka hihiʻo o 2025, ua hoʻoikaika ikaika ke aupuni Iran i ka hoʻomohala hou ʻana o ka ʻoihana kūkulu ma o nā papahana privatization e hōʻoia i ka hoʻomohala mau.No laila, e hoʻoikaika i ka koi ikaika no ka pōhaku, nā mea hana pōhaku a me nā ʻano mea kūkulu hale.I kēia manawa, aia ma kahi o 2000 mau mea kanu hana pōhaku a me ka nui o nā mines.Eia kekahi, nui nā ʻoihana i hana i nā kālepa kūloko a me nā ʻāina ʻē, a me nā mīkini ʻoihana pōhaku a me nā mea hana.ʻO ka hopena, ua manaʻo ʻia ka nui o ka hana o ka ʻoihana pōhaku o Iran a hiki i 100000, e hōʻike ana i ka hana nui o ka ʻoihana pōhaku i ka hoʻokele waiwai o Iran.

ʻO ka ʻāina ʻo Isfahan, aia ma ka waena o Iran, ʻo ia ka minerala pōhaku koʻikoʻi a me ka waihona hoʻoili ma Iran.Wahi a nā helu helu, aia nā 1650 mea kanu hana pōhaku a puni ke kūlanakauhale nui o Isfahan.I kēia mau makahiki i hala iho nei, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻoihana pōhaku Iranian i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā laina hana hoʻomohala hohonu, no laila ke piʻi wikiwiki nei ke koi no ka ʻeli pōhaku a me nā mīkini hana a me nā mea hana.Ma ke ʻano he kumu koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi a me ka hoʻoili ʻana i nā pōhaku ma Iran, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka koi ʻana o Isfahan no nā mīkini pōhaku a me nā mea hana.
ʻIkepili o ka mākeke pōhaku ma Iran
Ma ke ʻano o ka pōhaku, he ʻāina pōhaku kaulana ʻo Iran, me ka hoʻopuka ʻana o nā pōhaku hoʻonaninani like ʻole a hiki i ka 10 miliona tons, ʻo ke kolu o ka honua.I ka makahiki 2003, he 81.4 miliona tons o nā pōhaku hoʻonaninani i ʻeli ʻia ma ka honua.I waena o lākou, ua hana ʻo Iran i 10 miliona tons o nā pōhaku hoʻonaninani, ʻo ia ka mea hana nui loa o ka honua i nā pōhaku hoʻonaninani ma hope o Kina a me India.Aia ma mua o 5000 mau mea kanu hana pōhaku, 1200 mines a ʻoi aku ma mua o 900 mines ma Iran.

E pili ana i nā kumuwaiwai pōhaku o Iran, ʻo 25% wale nō o lākou i kūkulu ʻia, a ʻo 75% o lākou ʻaʻole i kūkulu ʻia.Wahi a ka makasina ʻo Iran Stone, aia ma kahi o 1000 mau mines pōhaku a ʻoi aku ma mua o 5000 mau hale hana pōhaku ma Iran.Aia ma mua o 500 mau mines pōhaku ma lalo o ka eli ʻana, me ka nui o ka eli ʻana he 9 miliona mau tona.ʻOiai ua loaʻa ka hana hou i loko o ka ʻoihana hana pōhaku mai 1990, nui nā hale hana ma Iran i nele i nā lako hana holomua a ke hoʻohana nei i nā mea kahiko.I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ke hoʻomaikaʻi mālie nei kēia mau hale hana i kā lākou mau lako ponoʻī, a ma kahi o 100 mau mea kanu hoʻolale kālā e hoʻolilo i 200 miliona US kālā e hoʻomaikaʻi i kā lākou mau mea hana ponoʻī i kēlā me kēia makahiki.Lawe mai ʻo Iran i ka nui o nā lako hana pōhaku mai nā ʻāina ʻē i kēlā me kēia makahiki, a kūʻai wale i nā lako mai Italia no kahi 24 miliona euros i kēlā me kēia makahiki.Ua kaulana ka ʻoihana pōhaku o Kina ma ka honua.He manawa kūpono ʻo Iran no nā ʻoihana pōhaku o Kina e ʻimi i ka mākeke honua.
ʻO ka hoʻokele waiwai a me ke kulekele ma Iran
ʻO ka ʻoihana a me ka ʻoihana mining o Iran aia ma lalo o ka mana o ka Ministry of Industry, Mining and Trade.ʻO kāna mau ʻoihana haʻahaʻa a me nā ʻoihana aupuni nui e pili ana: Industrial Development and revitalization Organization (Idro), mineral and mining development and revitalization Organization (imidro), nā ʻoihana liʻiliʻi a me nā ʻoihana ʻoihana Organization (isipo), Trade Promotion Center (TPO), hui hōʻikeʻike honua, ʻenehana, mining a me Agricultural Chamber of Commerce (ICCIM), National Copper Corporation, China National Copper Corporation, a me nā ʻoihana aupuni o Iran State Aluminum Corporation, nā hana kila Mubarak, Iran hui ʻoihana automotive, Iran Industrial Park Company a me Iran. hui paka, etc.

e like me ke kānāwai o Iran e pili ana i ka paipai ʻana a me ka pale ʻana i ka hoʻopukapuka ʻana o nā ʻāina ʻē, ke komo ʻana o ke kapikala haole no ke kūkulu ʻana a me nā hana hana i ka ʻoihana, mining, mahiʻai a me nā ʻoihana lawelawe pono e hoʻokō i nā koi o nā kānāwai ʻē aʻe a me nā lula o Iran. , a hoʻokō i kēia mau kūlana:
(1) He kūpono ia i ka ulu waiwai, hoʻomohala ʻenehana, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o ka huahana, nā manawa hana, ka ulu ʻana i waho a me ka ulu ʻana o ka mākeke honua.
(2) ʻAʻole ia e hoʻopilikia i ka palekana aupuni a me ka pono o ka lehulehu, e hoʻopau i ke kaiaola kaiaola, e hoʻopilikia i ka hoʻokele waiwai aupuni a i ʻole e keakea i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻoihana hoʻopukapuka kūloko.
(3) ʻAʻole hāʻawi ke aupuni i nā mea hoʻopukapuka kālā o nā ʻāina ʻē i ka franchise, kahi e hoʻolilo ai nā mea hoʻopukapuka haole i ka monopolize i nā mea hoʻopukapuka kūloko.
(4) ʻAʻole ʻoi aku ka nui o ka waiwai o nā lawelawe huahana a me nā huahana i hāʻawi ʻia e ke kapikala haole ma mua o 25% o ka waiwai o nā lawelawe huahana a me nā huahana i hāʻawi ʻia e nā keʻena waiwai kūloko a me 35% o ka waiwai o nā lawelawe huahana a me nā huahana i hāʻawi ʻia e nā ʻoihana kūloko. ke loaʻa ka laikini hoʻokomo kālā.
[nā wahi i pāpā ʻia] ʻAʻole ʻae ke kānāwai o Iran e pili ana i ka paipai ʻana a me ka pale ʻana i ka hoʻopukapuka kālā o nā ʻāina ʻē.

Ka nānā 'ana o ke kaiapuni waiwai o Iran
Nā kumu kūpono:
1. wehe 'ia ke kaiapuni waiwai.I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hoʻoikaika ikaika ke aupuni Iranian i ka hoʻoponopono privatization, hoʻomohala i kāna ʻoihana aila a me ke kinoea a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe, i kūpaʻa i ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana a me ka hoʻolaʻa hou ʻana o ka hoʻokele waiwai o ka ʻāina, ua hoʻokō mālie i kahi kulekele wehe haʻahaʻa, hoʻoikaika ikaika i ka hoʻopukapuka haole a hoʻolauna i nā ʻenehana holomua ʻē aʻe. a me nā mea hana.
2. waiwai kolakela waiwai a me nā pono ʻāina.He mau waihona waiwai nui ʻo Iran a me nā kumuwaiwai mineral waiwai, akā ʻoi aku ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana o kona mana mining.Paipai ikaika ke aupuni i nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe e komo i ka ʻimi ʻana a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana, a maikaʻi ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻoihana mining.
3. Ke ulu mau nei ka pilina pili waiwai a me nā kalepa ʻo Kina Iraq.Ke piʻi aʻe nei ka pilina pili waiwai a me ke kālepa ma waena o nā ʻāina ʻelua, e kau ana i kumu paʻa no ka hoʻopukapuka kālā a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻoihana mining.
Nā kumu ʻino:
1. aia ke kūlana pili kānāwai.Ma hope o ka lanakila ʻana o ka Islam kipi ma Iran, ua hoʻoponopono hou ʻia ke kānāwai kumu i ka nui.Ua ʻano ikaika ke kala hoʻomana.ʻOkoʻa ka wehewehe ʻana o ke kānāwai mai kēlā me kēia kanaka, ʻaʻole ia i kūlike me nā kūlana honua a loli pinepine.
2. ʻaʻole kūlike ka lako a me ka koi o ka poʻe limahana.I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ʻia ka maikaʻi o ka poʻe hana hana o Iran, a ua nui nā kumuwaiwai hana, akā ʻo ka loaʻa ʻole o ka hana he pilikia nui.
3. E koho i kahi hoʻokomo waiwai kūpono iā ʻoe iho a e nānā pono i nā kulekele makemake.I mea e hoʻoulu ai i ka hoʻopukapuka haole, ua hoʻoponopono a hoʻopuka ke aupuni Iranian i kahi kānāwai hou e pili ana i ka paipai ʻana a me ka pale ʻana i ka hoʻopukapuka ʻana o nā ʻāina ʻē, e like me ka palena ʻole o ke kapikala o nā ʻāina ʻē i ka nui o nā ʻāpana kālā ma Iran, a hiki i 100%.